Упражнение на Заполнение пропусков
*1*
After living under the threat of extinction for more than 30 years, the national bird of the United States has 1) … granted an official reprieve, as the bald eagle and 28 other animals and plant species have been earmarked 2) … removal from America’s list of endangered species. The bald eagle, also 3) … as the white-headed sea eagle, took pride of place at the top of a list of species likely to 4) … taken off the endangered register in the coming years. The proposed «delistings» are 5) … promoted 6) … the US Interior Secretary to counter a growing feeling among Republicans than endangered-species laws do not work. Charges of ineffectiveness have been 7) … against these laws before, but more recently it has 8) … been suggested that the situation may actually have been 9) … worse by them. The recovery of the bald eagle follows 31 years on the critical list. Its numbers had been 10) … to fewer than 500 11) … the use of pesticides that reacted adversely 12) … its reproductive system. The number of nesting pairs is now estimated 13) … 5000. Until now, few species have 14) … been removed from the list. When they 15) …, it was usually because they had become extinct.
*2*
1) … some shoppers may already find supermarket trolleys quite hard to push up and down the 2) …; one supermarket chain is about to 3) … the task even harder. Next week 4) … the introduction of the so-called Trim Trolley.
The Trim Trolley can be set at different levels of resistance, making it harder or easier to push. It is able to measure both the customer’s heart rate and the number of calories burnt 5) … sensors on the handle. Shoppers 6) … thought to burn about 160 calories during a typical forty-minute visit to the supermarket. The Trim Trolley with the resistance level at seven would 7) … the average person to burn as many as 280 calories. In other words, the 8) … of a twenty-minute swim. At the highest resistance level, a shopping trip could 9) … a trip to the gym.
A spokesperson for the supermarket said: “We hope it will make people more aware of what they are putting in their trolleys. The chocolate cakes may be easier to resist 10) … you‘ve got calories levels on your mind!”
*3*
Many tourists nowadays walk around carrying plastic bottles of water, even in cities. The bottle seems to 1) … become an important fashion accessory, and not just for tourists. Nowadays everyone seems to carry a bottle of water with 2) … wherever they go. This fashion for being seen with bottled water, sometimes called ‘designer water’, 3)… led to a massive increase 4) … sales over the past few years. There are now 5) … many different brand names available in the shops that it is hard to choose.
But 6) … do some people prefer their water from a bottle rather than a tap? To start with, water forms 7) … vital part of a healthy lifestyle. We are now advised to drink two litres of water daily, as 8) … as eating large quantities of fruit and vegetables. In addition 9) … this, designer water offers the promise of purity. It is advertised as clean and natural, while tap water may be viewed 10) … suspicion.
*4*
Festivals in the Caribbean can be huge, colourful events that stretch the imagination. One of the biggest 1)… these, the Trinidad Carnival, consists of five days of non-stop parties and music competitions that end 2) … a costumed parade through the streets of the capital, Port of Spain. The music at the carnival is calypso. Calypso is 3) … than just music for singing and dancing. An evening in a ‘calypso tent’ will give you a course in Trinidadian politics and 4) … you know all about the island gossip.
But 5) … the topic of the songs, calypso’s main function is 6)…entertain.
One of the most important parts of the carnival is the calypso competition. This is divided 7)… two sections. First of all, on the Sunday, the best song is judged. Ten finalists each sing two songs in front of 8) … crowd of 30,000. The singers all do 9) … best to give performances that will have the crowd shouting and screaming 10) … more, and the winner receives the highly-prized title of Calypso Monarch.
Then, on the Monday, there is the Roadmarch competition, 11) … he best dance tune is decided. Dancers in fantastic costumes spill out onto the streets 12)… their thousands at 4 a.m. and dance in a parade with the calypso bands. This goes on 13) … the carnival ends the following night. The winner is the person 14)… tune is being played most often as the bands pass the place where the judges 15) … situated.
And the music has to be good, to keep as 16) … as half a million people dancing non-stop for five days.
*5*
Making and breaking codes has long been 1) … of the practical applications of pure mathematics.
The first codes often were used for military 2) … , so that even if a courier was captured, his information would be 3) … to the enemy. The ancient Spartans used a long strip of skin with writing on it. 4) … when this skin was wrapped around a stick of the right size could the message be read.
Later Julius Caesar protected his communications in Gaul 5) … writing his messages in Greek, which the Gauls could not understand — a trick 6) … was used again by Englishmen on India’s north west frontier, where Greek was also unknown.
The most 7) … basic codes are called substitution codes, where one letter of the alphabet is replaced by 8) … symbol. 9) … more sophisticated codes have been developed, today’s commonest code is the PIN, or personal identity number. Today PINs are used by all of us in 10) … life, to see our bank accounts,to 11) … our mobile phones, to 12) … in to internet accounts.
*6*
Agatha Christie is probably the 1) … widely known writer of crime novels in the world. In 2) … of the fact that her writing now seems rather old-fashioned, her novels continue to sell very well. What readers obviously like about them 3) … the suspense and the atmosphere of mystery they create.
Agatha Christie was born in 1890. After4) … married to Colonel Archibald Christie in 1914, she worked as a volunteer nurse in World War I, dispensing medicines. The knowledge of poisons 5) … she gained during this time came in useful when she wrote her novels.
Her first novel, The Mysterious Affair at Styles, 6) … published in 1920. The main character in the novel, Hercule Poirot, was 7) … popular that she used him in another 40 books. In 8) … to her novels, Agatha Christie wrote a number of plays. The Mousetrap was 9) … a success that it ran in London for more 10) … 50 years.
Agatha Christie’s personal life was 11) … exciting as the plots of her novels. She caused a sensation in 1926 12) … she disappeared for ten days, possibly suffering 13) … amnesia, After 14) … divorced her first husband, in 1928, she later married the famous archaeologist, Max Mallowan. They travelled widely in the Near East, and Agatha Christie carefully recorded her experiences in 15) … to use them in later novels. Death on the Nile is one of these masterpieces.
Ответы на заполнение пропусков
*1*
1.been 2.for 3.known 4.be 5.being 6.by 7.laid/brought 8.even 9.made 10.reduced 11.by/through 12.with 13.at 14.ever 15.were
*2*
1.Although 2.aisles 3.make 4.sees 5.through 6.are 7.allow 8.equivalent 9.replace 10.when/if/once
*3*
1.Have 2.them 3.has 4.in 5.so 6.why 7.a 8.well 9.to 10.with
*4*
1.of 2.with/in 3.more 4.let 5.whatever 6.to 7.into 8.a 9.their 10.for 11.when/where 12.in 13.until/till 14.whose 15.are 16.many
*5*
1.one 2.purposes 3.useless 4.Only 5.by 6.which/that 7.common 8.another 9.Although 10.daily 11.use 12.log
*6*
1.most 2.spite 3.is 4.getting 5.which 6.was 7.so 8.addition 9.such 10.than 11.as 12.when 13.from 14.having 15.order
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